Mechanisms and biological basis of the efficacy of TCM.

TCM is an extremely complex system with the characteristics of multiple components, multiple targets and multiple pathways of action. The effective substances and mechanisms are not clear, which greatly restricts the application and internationalization of TCM. The modern life science research methods and technologies such as systems biology and omics are utilized to combine with TCM research theories to establish research ideas and methods that comprehensively explain the material basis and mechanisms of TCM.

The efficacy of TCM is a systematic summary of the clinical effects of TCM on the basis of TCM theories. It is the biological effect of a variety of specific chemical components on the overall regulation of the body under specific pathological conditions. The efficacy of TCM represents the overall effect of TCM. Research on the efficacy of TCM is more in line with the traditional theories of TCM, and is more conducive to clinical application and evaluation guided by TCM theories. The modern life science language and methods are used to characterize and explain the efficacy of TCM.

Research Experiences and Achievements

Dr. Yunyao Jiang was mainly engaged in the research of natural products during his master's and doctoral studies, focusing on the extraction, separation, activity evaluation and mechanism of plants with medicinal value. He carried out the related research on Equisetum hyemale L., Acanthopanax senticosus Harms, Synurus deltoides (Aiton) Nakai, Angelica gigas Nakai, Asiasarum heterotropoide. After returning to China in 2016, he first worked as a researcher in Shineway Pharmaceutical Group Limited for half a year. Then he joined China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences as a postdoctoral fellow in the field of pharmacology of Chinese materia medica. During this period, he participated in the 973 Program and was selected for the post-doctoral training program of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. He joined Institute for Chinese Materia Medica, Tsinghua University in 2019. He mainly responsible for the research and application of international standards for Chinese medicinal materials (Scutellaria baicalensis root and Epimedium Herb). As the project leader, he carried out the pharmaceutical research of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Beg. Var. mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao, Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Beg., and Ophiopogonis Radix, the plant metabolomics database research. He independently carried out the research on the material basis and mechanism of the Yiqi Tongluo Granules in the treatment of cerebral infarction, the biological basic research on the "qi" of TCM, as well as the biological basic research of the qi-invigorating effect of ginseng and astragalus.

Dr. Yunyao Jiang has published 25 papers as the first author and 6 corresponding author papers. He presided over National Natural Science Foundation project and China Postdoctoral Fund projects. He was hired as the instructor for "Innovative Drug Development and Industrialization" course of School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University and won the first prize of the Science and Technology Award of China General Chamber of Commerce. As the main completer, the international standard project of Scutellaria baicalensis root has been approved by ISO and is expected to be officially released in 2023.

Honors and Awards

The Industry-University-Research Cooperation Innovation Achievement Award Excellence Award, 2021

The first prize of the Science and Technology Award of China General Chamber of Commerce, 2020

The post-doctoral training program of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 2018

Outstanding Young Scholar of Nutraceutical Bio BK21, 2015

Nutraceutical Bio BK21 scholarship, 2010-2013

Selected Publications

1. Han L., Yuan Y., Chen X., Huang J., Wang G., Zhou C., Dong J., Zhang N., Zhang Y., Yin H., Jiang Y.* A candidate drug screen strategy: the discovery of oroxylin A in Scutellariae Radix against aepsis via the correlation analysis between plant metabolomics and pharmacodynamics. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2022, 13:861105.

2. Zhang Y., Jiang Y. ^* Discussion on primary research direction of modernization of traditional Chinese medicine in the period of the "14th Five-year Plan". Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Materia-World Science and Technology. 2022, 24:1309-1314.

3. Yu L., Zhang N., Li Q., Zhu G., Huang W., Wang W., Jiang Y.* Rapid determination of paclobutrazol residues by UPLC-MS/MS and their effect on chemical constituents in Ophiopogonis Radix. Central South Pharmacy. 2022, 20:1569-1573

4. Jiang Y.^#, Luo Y.^#, Chen X.^#, Liu N., Hou J., Piao J., Song C., Si C.^*, Hu W.^*, Li X.^* Senkyunolide H protects PC12 cells from OGD/R-induced injury via cAMP-PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2022, 282:114659.

5. Zhang Y., Jiang Y. ^* Research approach and progress in term of the quality of Chinese Medicinal. Acta Chinese Medicine and Pharmacology. 2021, 49:106-112.

6. Zhang J.^#, Jiang Y.^#, Li Y., Li W., Zhou J., Chen J., Zhang Z., Gu Q., Wang W., Shen T.^*, Hu W.^* Micelles modified with a chitosan-derived homing peptide for targeted intracellular delivery of ginsenoside compound K to liver cancer cells. Carbohydrate Polymers. 2020, 230:115576.

7. Jiang Y., Piao J., Liu N., Hou J., Liu J.^*, Hu W.^* Effect of ultrafine powderization and solid dispersion formation via hot-melt extrusion on antioxidant, anti-Inflammatory, and the human Kv1.3 channel inhibitory activities of Angelica gigas Nakai. Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications. 2020, 2020: 7846176.

8. Jiang Y., Liu N., Hu X., Hou J, Liu J.^* Mechanisms of Bazhen Decoction in treatment of primary immune thrombocytopenia based on network pharmacology. Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Materia-World Science and Technology. 2020, 22:1-8.

9. Jiang Y. ^*, Liu N. Research on “rough powder” in Ancient Classical Prescriptions. Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Materia-World Science and Technology. 2020, 22:1740-1744.

10. Jiang Y.^#, Liu N.^#, Zhu S., Hu X.^*, Chang D.^*, Liu J.^* Elucidation of the mechanisms and molecular targets of Yiqi Shexue Formula for treatment of primary immune thrombocytopenia based on network pharmacology. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2019, 10:1136.

11. Hu W.^#, Jiang Y.^#, Xue Q., Sun F., Zhang j., Zhou J., Niu Z., Li Q., Li F.^*, Shen T.^* Structural characterisation and immunomodulatory activity of a polysaccharide isolated from lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) root residues. Journal of Functional Foods. 2019, 2019:103457.

12. Bai Y.^#, Jiang Y.^#, Liu T., Li F., Zhang J., Luo Y., Zhang L., Yan G., Feng Z., Li X.^*, Wang X.^*, Hu W.^* Xinjiang herbal tea exerts immunomodulatory activity via TLR2/4-mediated MAPK signaling pathways in RAW264.7 cells and prevents cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mice. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2019, 228:179-187.

13. Zhang J.^#, Jiang Y.^#, Liu N., Shen T., Jung H.W., Liu J.^*, Yan B.C.^* A network-based method for mechanistic investigation and neuroprotective effect on post-treatment of senkyunolid-H against cerebral ischemic stroke in mouse. Frontiers in Neurology. 2019, 10:1299.

14. Luo Y., Li X., Liu T., Cao Y., Zhang J., Yaseen A., Sun F., Zheng W., Jiang Y.^*, Si C.L.^*, Hu W.^* Senkyunolide H protects against MPP+-induced apoptosis via the ROS mediated mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in PC12 cells. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. 2019, 65:73-81.

15. Jiang Y., Liu N., Liu J.^* Research on the mechanism of Yiqi Tongluo granules’ protective effect on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury based on the network pharmacology of components absorbed into the brain. Chinese Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology. 2019, 33:740.

16. Zhang J.^#, Wang Y.^#, Jiang Y.^#, Liu T., Luo Y., Diao E., Cao Y., Chen L., Zhang L., Gu Q., Zhou J., Sun F., Zheng W., Liu J.^*, Li X.^*, Hu W.^* Enhanced cytotoxic and apoptotic potential in hepatic carcinoma cells of chitosan nanoparticles loaded with ginsenoside compound K. Carbohydrate Polymers. 2018, 198:537-545.

17. Liu N.^#, Jiang Y.^#, Xing M., Zhao B., Hou J., Lim M., Huang J., Luo X., Han L.^* Digital gene expression profiling analysis of aged mice under moxibustion treatment. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative. 2018, 2018: 4767328.

18. Jiang Y., Sun M., Ma B., Chen J., Liu N., Liu H, Liu J.^* The application and thinking of omics technologies in the modern pharmacology research of traditional Chinese medicine. Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Materia-World Science and Technology. 2018, 20:1287-1295.

19. Jiang Y., Liu N., Xue B., Hou J., Lin C., Ren J., Liu J.^* Circulating microRNA profiles differ between hyperglycemia and euglycemia in coronary heart disease patients. BioMed Research International. 2017, 2017: 9192575.

20. Li X.^#, Shen J.^#, Jiang Y.^#, Shen T., You L., Sun X., Xu X., Hu W.^*, Wu H.^*, Wang G.^* Anti-inflammatory effects of Chloranthalactone B in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2016, 17:1938.

21. Jeong S.H.^#, Jiang Y.^#, Guo H., Wang M.H.^*, Park J.B.^* Anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects of methanol, ethanol and water extracts of Asiasarum heterotropoide. Biomedical Research. 2016, 27:103-109.

22. Jiang Y., Yu L.^*, Wang M.H.^* N-trans-feruloyltyramine inhibits LPS-induced NO and PGE₂ production in RAW 264.7 macrophages: involvement of AP-1 and MAP kinase signalling pathways. Chemico-Biological Interactions. 2015, 235:56-62.

23. Jiang Y., Piao J., Cho H.J., Kang W.S.^*, Kim H. Y.^* Improvement in antiproliferative activity of Angelica gigas Nakai by solid dispersion formation via hot melting extrusion and induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HeLa cells. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, 2015, 79:1635-1643.

24. Jiang Y., Wang M.H.^* Different solvent fractions of Acanthopanax senticosus Harms exert antioxidant and anti-Inflammatory activities and inhibit the human Kv1.3 channel. Journal of Medicinal Food. 2015, 18: 468-475.

25. Guo H.^#, Jiang Y.^#, Wang M.H.^* Synergistic anti-diabetic effect of Cirsium setidens combined with other plants in vitro and in vivo. Korean Journal of Plant Resources. 2015, 28:752-758.

26. Jiang Y., Wang M.H.^* Ethanol extract of Synurus deltoides (Aiton) Nakai suppresses in vitro LPS-induced cytokine production in RAW 264.7 macrophages and in vivo acute inflammatory symptoms. Nutrition Research and Practice. 2014, 8:11-19.

27. Jiang Y., Hu W., Lee K.C., Wang M.H.^* Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of different solvent fractions from ethanol extract of Synurus deltoides (Aiton) Nakai leaves. Food Science and Biotechnology. 2013, 22:215-223.

28. Jiang Y., Noh H., Wang M.H.^* Comparison of biological activities of Synurus deltoides (Aiton) Nakai under different shading Cconditions. Korean Journal of Plant Resources. 2013, 26:686-694.

29. Jiang Y., Hu W., Han W., Yeo J.H., Wang M.H.^* Antioxidant and nitric oxide production inhibitory activities of scouring rush (Equisetum hyemale L.). Food Science and Biotechnology. 2012, 21:1037-1044.

30. Jiang Y., Han W., Shen T., Wang M.H.^* Antioxidant activity and protection from DNA damage by water extract from pine (Pinus densiflora) bark. Preventive Nutrition and Food Science. 2012, 17:116-121.